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What is vaping?

How is vaping different to smoking?

Smoking delivers nicotine by burning tobacco. Inhaling the smoke from burning tobacco can cause many serious smoking-related illnesses. Vaping delivers nicotine in a less harmful way by heating a liquid until it forms a vapour that is inhaled. While nicotine is addictive, it doesn’t cause cancer or related illnesses. Vaping is not harmless, but it is less harmful than smoking. Only vape to quit smoking.

What’s in vape liquid?

Vaping liquid (also called e-liquid or e-juice) typically contains propylene glycol, vegetable glycerine, plus flavours and usually nicotine in a range of concentrations.

• Propylene glycol and glycerine create the vapour that people inhale.
• Different flavours are added for personal preference. They must be water-soluble. Flavours other than tobacco extracts must meet food standards in the Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code 2002.
• Flavours other than tobacco, mint and menthol are only available to purchase through specialist vape retailers.
• Nicotine is included to help prevent withdrawal symptoms for people who have switched from smoking. More about nicotine below.

What is a vape device?

Vape devices are sometimes known as electronic cigarettes. Devices have changed their design and features over the years. They now include vapes with prefilled pods that contain e-liquid and vapes with refillable tanks. All vapes sold in New Zealand must meet safety regulations, which include having child-safety mechanisms.

How vaping can help people quit smoking

Vaping can help people quit smoking by providing nicotine at similar levels to smoking but with fewer of the toxicants that come from burning tobacco. Vaping is less harmful than smoking, but it is not harmless. People should only vape to quit smoking.

A note on heated tobacco devices

Tobacco companies have developed devices that heat, rather than burn tobacco. These devices are different to vaping devices which heat a liquid that may contain nicotine. Because these devices heat, rather than burn tobacco they are likely to produce far fewer toxicants, and different poisons compared to regular cigarette smoking. Heated tobacco products are marketed as being less harmful than smoking. However, there is relatively little research on the health effects of heated tobacco products.

“No studies reported on cigarette smoking cessation, so the effectiveness of heated tobacco for this purpose remains uncertain.” (Cohrane review, 2022).