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What is the working process of filter press machine?

What is a Filter Press Machine?

A filter press machine is an industrial device used for the separation of solids and liquids. It operates by applying pressure to a slurry, which forces the liquid (filtrate) out, leaving the solid material (filter cake) behind. Among the different types of filter presses, the automatic membrane filter press is known for its advanced technology and high efficiency.

The Working Process of an Automatic Membrane Filter Press

Filling Phase: The process begins with the slurry being pumped into the filter press. The slurry enters each chamber of the frame and plate filter setup, where the solids begin to accumulate on the filter cloth, forming a filter cake.

Filtration Phase: As pressure builds, the liquid is pushed out through the filter cloth, leaving the solid particles behind. This filtrate is collected and removed from the system.

Membrane Inflation: Unlike traditional filter presses, an automatic membrane filter press has membranes that can be inflated. Once the filtration is complete, these membranes are inflated using compressed air or water. This additional pressure squeezes the filter cake, removing more liquid and resulting in a drier cake.

Cake Discharge: After the filtration and membrane pressing stages, the filter plates are separated, and the dried filter cake is discharged from the machine. The plates then close again, ready for the next cycle.

Filter Press Operation: The entire filter press operation is automated, ensuring consistent results with minimal manual intervention. The automation not only enhances the efficiency of the process but also reduces labor costs and the risk of human error.

Working process (cycle operating)

Machine head presses the filter plates

Switch on the power, press the pressurized button in the electric control cabinet.

Attention: Before pressing the filter plates, check the number of the filter plates to make sure that the amount meets your filtering requirement, and there shall not be any foreign matter stuck between the sealing surfaces of filter plates.

Pressure holding

When it reaches the specified pressure, pressurization stops automatically and holds the pressure. Pressure value is determined by the feeding pressure at the site, and no leaking is optimal, pay attention that the pressure should not be too high.

Feeding and filtering slurry

Check the on/off state of each pipeline valve as comes into pressure holding. Start the feeding pump slowly after confirmation, and the slurry flows into each filter chamber through the feeding port on the thrust plate. The slurry is gradually filtered into filter cake under the specified pressure. Observe the changes of filtrate and the feeding pressure in the feeding process. Switch on the valve of return line to make adjustment if the pressure is too high.

Caution: the feeding process should run continually, in case that the feeding port blocking brings a differential pressure, which leads to filter plate fractures.

Filter cake washing

After filtration, switch on the washing valve to start the washing pump to wash the filter cake if needed. When blowing filter cake is needed, insufflate compressed air into membrane cavity through the washing hole or feeding port. The compressed air takes away parts of moisture in the filter cake.

Membrane squeezing

Switch on the squeezing valve, and squeeze the filter cake by high pressure water or high pressure air to decrease water content of the filter cake. To adjust the squeezing time according to the nature of the slurry. When the squeezing process is completed, you must switch on the pressure discharge valve, and discharge all the pressure, then the next operation is allowed. Back-flushing to the filter cake can be used if needed.

Note: Before squeezing, slurry must be full of chambers.

Loosen the filter plate & discharge the filter cake

Press on the releasing button of the electric control cabinet as the filter press is in the automatic operation mode.

It stops automatically as the pressure plate goes back in place. Plate pulling hook goes forward to pulls the plate one by one and discharge the filter cake in reciprocating movement. Remember to clear up the filter plate, keep the sealing surface of filter plate clean. At the same time, check and clear up the feeding port to prevent the feeding hole from blocking, which brings differential pressure and leads to filter plate damage.

Filter cloth washing and tidying up

Clean the filter cloth regularly according to nature of filter material. Fuel tank presses the filter plate tightly after filter cake discharging, and it leads the pressure plate to go back to its original place. Start the filter cloth washing machine and clean the filter plate one by one. Check the filter cloth to see if there is any breakage or crease. Make sure that the filter cloth is clean, smooth and no damage.